电动伸缩门的基本组件是导轨、滑轮及传动皮带。由于这三个部分与电动伸缩门的运行直接有关，是电动伸缩门正常使用条件下的易损件，其结构设计、材质、加工精度、安装和调节精度决定了其维修保养要求和使用寿命。电动伸缩门电气组件的寿命主要与不当使用和偶然事故有关。
The basic components of electric telescopic door are guide rail, pulley and transmission belt. Because these three parts are directly related to the operation of the electric telescopic door, and are vulnerable parts under the normal use conditions of the electric telescopic door, its structural design, material quality, processing accuracy, installation and adjustment accuracy determine its maintenance requirements and service life. The service life of electrical components of electric telescopic doors is mainly related to improper use and accidental accidents.
长期以来，电动伸缩门滑轨的设计完全不同于非电动伸缩门滑轨的设计。后者通常有两道水平方向的平行滑轨，两个(或四个)滑轮通过中间的连接件与悬挂的移动门体相连，移动门体的重心恰好在两道滑轨的支撑力之间，形成稳定的"正悬挂"，这种稳定的结构可以达到很好的稳定性和静音效果。但是，电动伸缩门的滑轨由于要兼顾与门框的固定、门体吊挂及调节、电气组件的安装和外饰盖板的安装等功能，所以最简单的办法就是将滑轨设计成单侧滑道，门体在一侧通过滑轮侧向吊挂在滑轨上，形成侧悬挂。这种设计的优点是安装和调节门体方便、维修也容易。但是，这种设计有许多致命的弱点。
For a long time, the design of electric telescopic door slideway is completely different from that of non-electric telescopic door slideway. The latter usually has two parallel slides in the horizontal direction. Two (or four) pulleys are connected with the suspended moving door body through the middle connector. The center of gravity of the moving door body is just between the support forces of the two slides, forming a stable "positive suspension". This stable structure can achieve good stability and silence effect. However, since the slideway of the electric telescopic door should take into account the functions of fixing the door frame, hanging and adjusting the door body, installing the electrical components and installing the outer decorative cover plate, the simplest way is to design the slideway as a one-sided slideway, and the door body is hanging on the slideway side by pulley side to form a side suspension. The advantage of this design is that it is convenient to install and adjust the door body and easy to maintain. However, this design has many fatal weaknesses.